How did he get enough power to still be more powerful than the Istari after putting portions of is own power into the Ring.

By putting power into the ring he became more bonded with Middle EArth and therefore it actually increased his power in Middle Earth.

Why did he not make ring-wraith's out of the dwarves also?

Dwarves were less suseptible to domination. The Dwarven rings just made them (more?) greedy

16 is better than 9. Did Sauron hve power over the Balrog of Moria?

No.

The Ring is what woke the Balrog in Moria right?

No, it was the Dwarves mining too deep and awakening the Balrog that his there after the War of Wrath that ended the First Age.

if so would he have took the Ring for his own?

He may not have had any conception of the ring.

and if he took it for himself could he overthrow Sauron?

I dunno.

How did Sauron come away with thr Ring after the sinking of Numenor?

I dunno.

Russ